Hence, the committee considered the body of evidence and whether results were consistent across studies following youth from different regions (e.g., Europe versus North America), youth of different age ranges (e.g., early adolescence versus late adolescence versus emerging adulthood), and those applying different methods (e.g., eliminating baseline smokers versus statistical controls)
Of note, hairy tongue and nicotine stomatitis were significantly more prevalent in consumers of e-cigarettes relative to former smokers [127]
In conventional cigarette smokers, exhaled carbon monoxide increased from 8.00 parts per million (ppm) at baseline to 12.15 ppm with no mask and 17.45 ppm with a mask
While it has been established that nicotine has adverse effects on the developing brain, other issues, like whether or not e-cigarettes are an effective method of harm reduction, are still debated